Vol 8, No 2 (2015)

Articles

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE JOURNAL "BIOETHICS"

Petrov V.I.

Abstract

The editor believes: the modern period of development of bioethics is fundamentally important in the emergence of new bio - and social technologies that do not yet have adequate moral interpretation. The author calls for a move from retrospective to prospective analysis of bio-ethical issues, he formulates the most important, in his opinion, directions of research in the field of bioethics.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):5-6
pages 5-6 views

BIOETHICS AND KAIROS

Smirnov K.S.

Abstract

In article it is showed that bioethics has got fully historical foreshortening already. Its appearance and development are connected with kairos: true time, filled with essence and meaning. Kairos differs from chronos which represents time from formal point of view as succession of phenomena changing each other. Kairos in modern conception presents itself as " the time out of joint" when from one side "the end of history" in the form of globalism is established, but from other side there is history "after the end". One can see here the disastrous results of globalism. In its turn the most strong awareness of kairos takes place in socialism, which appears as positive aspect of globalization and is connected with bioethics through the principle of justice. Bioethics in this case is going to be new paradigmal dimension as integrative socio-anthropological theory of justice.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):6-12
pages 6-12 views

JUSTICE AS PRINCIPLE OF BIOETHICS

Karchagin E.V.

Abstract

The article deals with the principle of justice as one of the foundations of contemporary bioethical discourse. The author distinguishes two meanings of the principle of justice in bioethics, which previously may be called "social" and "world view." Also T. Beauchamp and J. Childress’s "principilism" and its modern critical interpretation is considered. There is a significant distinction between axiological and deontic measurements for the understanding of the principle of justice. One possible solution of applicability of principle of justice in a particular practice is offered as part of the ethics of care and charity (as deontic incarnation of axiological principle of justice).
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):12-17
pages 12-17 views

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST MODEL IN THE EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

Arpentieva M.R.

Abstract

The article is discuss a modern idea of the importance of principles of evidence-based medicine in the prevention and correction, management of conflicts of interest in various branches of medical and social practices. Main areas of medicine and other edological practices l are marked out where conflicts of interest play a significant role in the rational organization of health and health caring: research, medical and social education, the development of national clinical and social guidelines, edological practice in whole. Different definitions of «conflicts of interest», its objects and subjects in edology and edological practices are examined. It is shown that the main condition for the occurrence of conflicts of interest in
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):17-23
pages 17-23 views

THE ETHICAL PARAMETERS OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE

Sedova N.N., Basov A.A.

Abstract

The modern concept of personalized medicine involves the use of new methods of molecular analysis to improve the assessment of predisposition to diseases, their prevention and treatment. But personalization often understood only in terms of pharmacogenetics. At the same time, all the doctors are well aware that recovery often depends not on the nature of the intervention and/or effectiveness of drug therapy, and the patient believes in the therapy or not, wants to get better or prefer the role of patient, doctor like him or dislike and so forth. The influence of socio-psychological situation of the individual patient on the effectiveness of treatment by physicians is a factor, but it is not the subject of their professional interest. Therefore, the concept of personalized medicine is not complete and scientifically credible until such time as in its development will bring together specialists in Humanities, first of all, bioethics. The article discusses the following tasks of bioethics in the development of personalized medicine: risk of the assessment absolutization of pharmacogenetic testing, correction of application of methods of personalized medicine in accordance with the principles of bioethics (especially with the principle of justice), the development of ethics applications of personalized medicine in clinical practice, ethical conduct expertise scientific research in the field of personalized medicine, informing the public and medical professionals about the humanitarian effects of the practical application of personalized medicine.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):23-28
pages 23-28 views

THE PROBLEMS OF BIOETHICS IN THE "CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE MAN AND BIOMEDICINE” (COUNCIL OF EUROPE, 1997) AND THE "BASIS OF SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE" (THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH, 2000): COMPARATIVE STUDY

Siluyanova I.V.

Abstract

The article stated the status of a fundamental difference of two documents: "Convention on the rights of a man and biomedicine" (Council of Europe, 1997) and bioethics section of the "Basis of social perspective" (the Russian Orthodox Church, 2000). Despite the differences in these documents, identified the fundamental commonality of approaches to the assessment of the application of biology and medicine. The comparative analysis led to the conclusion that the revealed similarity is the basis of broad social acceptance of proposed regulations and social meaning of these documents.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):28-32
pages 28-32 views

PROTECTION OF CIVIL PROPERTY RIGHTS-LIFE AND HEALTH

Tchebotareva O.A., Budarin G.Y., Dronov S.V.

Abstract

This article discusses the moral rights of the citizens of both life and health from the perspective of the development of modern society. Preservation of human life and health is not only the duty of the doctor is already involved in this process and other social institutions and science, is an institution of law-making, bioethics, but here there are problems of its own, that of course cannot affect the realization of citizens ' rights in the field of the protection of life and health. But on the other hand these problems on the main rights (goods)-life and health makes society move forward and look for new ways to solve problems.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):32-36
pages 32-36 views

BIOMEDICAL ETHICKS IN THE MORDEN DENTAL PRACTICE

Orekhova L.Y., Kudrjavtseva T.V., Silina E.S.

Abstract

The article is dedicated to observing the legally regulated ethical demands on dental practice. The authors consider the situations in modern dental practice which are the subject to universal ethical norms implementation. Implementation of these norms helps to settle the above mentioned problems. The different examples of deontological and ethical important problems what could be solved with using the universal ethical principals are demonstrated. It is shown that the ethical approaches to solving deontological important problems in different dental pathology touch upon the interests of patients, doctors and society. The article demonstrates availability of biomedical ethics in absolutely all the actions of a dentist. Individual approach to bioethical issues makes possible to improve the prestige of dentist prac-tice in the society and to release professional duty.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):36-40
pages 36-40 views

INTERNET AS MEANS TO PROMOTE THE DRUGS

Goverdovskaya E.V., Kaurova A.N., Klimova A.V.

Abstract

To promote the drugs the pharmaceutical companies use a variety of promotional tools. These include advertising in the media in the first place. Under the media is commonly understood social institutions that ensure the collection, processing and dissemination of information on a massive scale. The transmitted information must necessarily be in the public interest. Among the major media, we can highlight television, radio and the press. It is interesting, that now the mass media began to treat the Internet. In Internet we can find hundreds of different newspapers, radio and television channels and this resources obtaining access to a global audience. The number of specialized sites about health is large enough, in Russia there are about five hundred.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):40-43
pages 40-43 views

SOCIAL, ETHICAL AND CLINICAL PROBLEMS OF MODERN ADDICTION (Materials focus group)

Nawrotsky B.A., Veshneva S.A., Poplavskaya O.V.

Abstract

The editorial Board of the journal "Bioethics" in conjunction with the editorial Board of the journal "Sociology of the city" held a focus group to ascertain the opinions of public and professionals about the actual problems of struggle against drug addiction and alcoholism in the urban environment. The experts were representatives of various professional groups; half of them were medical workers. There were noted: a decrease in the level of use of hard drugs, the growth of beer alcoholism, increased focus on healthy lifestyles in young people. The recommendations were proposed for the coordination of the physicians psychiatrists-narcologists, other physicians, clinical psychologists, social workers, representatives of public organizations and family members of addicts and alcoholics. There is a high moral significance in contact between a patient and psychiatris-narcologist, which is difficult to achieve in public clinics. Experts reacted critically to the existing standards of medical care in narcology. The experience of private clinics is recognized as a successful, except for two aspects: the high cost of treatment and the penetration to the private medicine of unskilled workers, and scams (often).
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):43-47
pages 43-47 views

CONFLICT ASPECTS IN OPIOID ANALGESICS USE

Kaminskaya I.A., Geivandova R.A., Lackeev A.E.

Abstract

Narcotic and psychotropic drugs indispensability with the treatment of various deseases is declared by World Health Organisation. International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) with monitoring opioids medical use function in various countries, denoted the fact of ten to hundreds times decreased opioid analgesics use in Russian Federation than in Europe. Some hold back factors, such as high level of responsibility, accounting procedures complications, organization practice costliness, so the possibility to avoid narcotic and psychotropic drugs use, have critical impact on availability such drugs for patients in need.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):47-51
pages 47-51 views

SOCIO-ETHICAL ASPECTS OF PREVENTIVE VACCINATION AGAINST INFLUENZA

Nevinskij A.B., Kramar L.V., Titovskaya V.A.

Abstract

The problem of acute respiratory diseases, including influenza, stays one of the most urgent issues in the world. It can be argued by the fact that the morbidity rate especially among children rises every year. The social and ethical aspects of the preventive vaccination promotion are shown in the article. They are based on the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among sick children 's parents. The authors of the article analyzed the reasons of parents' negative attitude to vaccination against influenza. In this context it is a challenge and a professional duty for a pediatrician to convince parents that these measures are worthy.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):51-53
pages 51-53 views

RESPIRATORY ETIQUETTE IN CLINIC OF CHILDREN'S INFECTIOUS DISEASES: SOCIOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION

Kaplunov K.O., Kantemirova G.A.

Abstract

In article, the concept, rather new to the Russian medical science, - "respiratory etiquette" - from sociology of medicine positions is investigated. The author offers adjustments in definition of the term, the level of competences from the parents hospitalized on care of sick children is investigated, some organizational actions in the context of the considered problem promoting prevention of respiratory diseases are represented.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):54-56
pages 54-56 views

ETHICAL FEATURES MESSAGES AND DIAGNOSE THE PATIENT ONCOLOGICAL PRACTICE

Geyvandova M.G., Amlaev K.R., Sidorova D.V.

Abstract

A modern society characterized by a steady increase in the incidence of cancer. The diagnosis of cancer is now daily exposed a large number of new patients. In this discussion about whether to talk to the patient about the presence of a cancer has not yet been completed. This study examined the opinion in 1000 of cancer patients and 500 doctors on one of the major ethical issues. The patients with cancer more often than doctors have a definite opinion about who report they have cancer. The dependence between the level of income of the patient and the definition of its views on the matter was fixed. The conclusion was made about the need to educate physician's method of informing patients about the serious problems with their health. It is given a set of practical recommendations on the procedure of informing patients. The most common reaction to the news about cancer is the fear in varying degrees of intensity, which can be transformed into border neuro-psychiatric disorders. In the article are presented the results of study of the prevalence of psycho-emotional disorders in cancer patients by studying their views. The high prevalence of psycho-emotional disorders among respondents was determined. It was established the high psychological support needs in this group of patients. That assistance could give a clinical psychologist, volunteers and clergy.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):56-61
pages 56-61 views

A NEW DIRECTION IN BIOETHICAL RESEARCH

Shchekin G.Y., Suntsova K.V.

Abstract

The article provides information on conducting the first in Russia inter-regional conference on Wellness tourism, the problems of treatment's tourism, discussed the phenomenon of medical tourism, presented participants of conference and formulated the problems for the study of bioethics in medical tourism.
Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):61-62
pages 61-62 views

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Bioethics journal. 2015;8(2):63-63
pages 63-63 views

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