卷 5, 编号 1 (2012)

The concept of "social bioethics" is not in use in scientific and philosophical studies, moreover, one can hardly find it in modern publications, and it does not really fit the current linguistic terminology. Proceeding from the pragmatist approach the article proposes an unordinary interpretation of this social and scientific phenomenon, for the first time it elicits its status, object and problem scope. Sociobioethics is regarded as a special unordinary type of biological ethics, as a specific scientific phenomenon studying the degree of bioethization of society (as an activity) and the level of adaptation of bioethics to the parts of social reality (as a variant of socio-cultural accommodation of bioethics) in their close relationship and collaboration. The vector of social bioethics pointing aims to establish such norms and rules in society which reflect a definite (social) snapshot, a special non-conventional aspect of the result of interaction between a biosocium or biomedical world and biological ethics at a particular moment or period of their joint development in moral terms.

In modern conditions traditional Ayurvedic medicine can play an important role in understanding the importance off the doctor in a human society as a whole and medicine in particular. The requirements for the doctor and their medical practice from the point of view of Ayurvedic medical tradition are described. The emphasis is placed on the qualities of the doctor and their duties. Great attention is paid to medical ethics and a deontology.

The article considers informed consent in historical retrospective as a marker of the patient's changing standing. It substantiates the necessity of their participation in decision-making process to determine the strategy, tactics of treatment, as well as required medical intervention.

This article presents an analysis of sociological survey conducted among 474 physicians in Moscow with different work experience, and is concerned with the phenomenon of burnout syndrome (BOS). The authors examine the association between BOS and the characteristics of a personality's moral imperfection. The article focuses on the problems of adequate diagnostics, causes, prevention, and the responsibility of physicians for medical errors made due to work-related pressures, such as BOS.

The article considers medical and social employment challenges faced by people with disabilities. It also describes the impact of labour activity on the personality of a disabled person as well as sociological survey data on work- and employee-related challenges faced by employed disabled people.

The article discusses the problems that Paracelsus was concerned with and which are currently studied in the course of bioethics. They include such important issues as 1) what kind of person a physician ought to be; 2) what type of relationship should be established between doctor and patient, doctor and doctor; 3) ethical aspect of profit in medical practice. The author concludes that most statements made by Paracelsus are essential in current practices due to their humanistic relevance.