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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bioethics journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bioethics journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биоэтика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2070-1586</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6589</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">632910</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19163/2070-1586-2024-17-1-30-37</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Practical bioethics</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Практическая биоэтика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Recipes for mastering professional competencies using neural networks</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Этика освоения профессиональных компетенций с помощью нейросетей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-0505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Serova</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серова</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of the Department of Philosophy, Doctor of Philosophy, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры философии, доктор философских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>irinaserova55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6498-9346</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yagodina</surname><given-names>Anna Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ягодина</surname><given-names>Анна Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy, Candidate of Medical Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры философии, кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>annayagidina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3844-4605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasainieva</surname><given-names>Ubaydat B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасайниева</surname><given-names>Убайдат Буньяминовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student of the Department of Philosophy, Bioethics and Law with a course in Sociology of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры философии, биоэтики и права с курсом социологии медицины</p></bio><email>ubayydat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm State medical University named after E. A.Wagner of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-27"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-27"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Serova I.A., Yagodina A.Y., Gasainieva U.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Серова И.А., Ягодина А.Ю., Гасайниева У.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serova I.A., Yagodina A.Y., Gasainieva U.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серова И.А., Ягодина А.Ю., Гасайниева У.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bioethicsjournal.ru/2070-1586/article/view/632910">https://bioethicsjournal.ru/2070-1586/article/view/632910</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background: </bold>The inclusion of neural networks in the work of healthcare institutions and medical education is an urgent problem in bioethics – a discipline that develops issues of personal choice between benefit and harm, between good and evil, between the volume and quality of information processing. The introduction of neural networks into the practice of healing is inevitable and is "the most commonly used analytical tool". The pros and cons of digitalization of medicine are described in detail in the literature, such as acquiring a digital assistant for diagnosis, determining optimal treatment plans and monitoring the health status of patients.</p> <p><bold>Aim: </bold>to consider the possibility of improving clinical thinking in partnership with neural networks using the example of analyzing clinical situations.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>: An analytical review of the literature on the problem of integrating artificial intelligence into medical practice was carried out. The empirical base is represented by materials from qualitative sociological research (case study method).</p> <p><bold>Results: </bold>Based on the analysis of cases, it is shown that the guidelines for writing out recipes for correcting errors are spelled out abstractly (the neural network is irresponsible, human intelligence must exceed the intelligence of the machine) and concretely (the initial answer of the neural network to the question posed is superficial and requires clarification using questions unexpected for the neural network specific configuration of terms not recognized by artificial intelligence as keywords). The risks of introducing artificial intelligence into the work of medical institutions have been identified: on the one hand, with a high degree of compliance of doctors to the recommendations of neural networks, the doctor is responsible for their errors, and the patient suffers, on the other hand, with a high degree of compliance of AI to user requests, training neural networks in dialogues is dangerous multiplication of dubious recommendations from undifferentiated/incompetent users. The doctor’s competence in dialogues training the neural network is invisible, unverified, and essentially virtual.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold>: Based on the conducted research, the possibility of improving neural networks through their adaptation to regional paradigms of healing, to value systems that are based on the archetypes of domestic healthcare is shown.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Включение нейросетей в работу учреждений здравоохранения и медицинское образование является актуальной проблемой биоэтики – дисциплины, разрабатывающей вопросы личного выбора между пользой и вредом, между добром и злом, между объемом и качеством обработки информации. Внедрение нейросетей в практику врачевания неотвратимо и является «наиболее часто используемым аналитическим инструментом». Плюсы и минусы цифровизации медицины подробно описаны в литературе как обретение цифрового помощника для диагностики, определения оптимальных лечебных планов и мониторинга состояния здоровья пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Цель:</bold> рассмотреть возможность совершенствования клинического мышления в партнерском взаимодействии с нейросетями на примере анализа клинических ситуаций. <bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Проведен аналитический обзор литературы по проблеме интеграции искусственного интеллекта в медицинскую практику. Эмпирическая база представлена материалами качественного социологического исследования (метод кейс-стади).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> На материале анализа кейсов показано, что установки при выписке рецептов работы над ошибками прописаны абстрактно (нейросеть – безответственна, интеллект человека должен превосходить интеллект машины) и конкретно (первоначальный ответ нейросети на поставленный вопрос носит поверхностный характер, требует уточнения с помощью неожиданных для нейросети вопросов с конкретной конфигурацией не распознанных искусственным интеллектом терминов в качестве ключевых слов). Выявлены риски внедрения искусственного интеллекта в работу медицинских учреждений: с одной стороны, при высокой степени комплаенса врачей к рекомендациям нейросетей за их ошибки несет ответственность врач, а страдает пациент, с другой стороны, при высокой степени комплаенса AI к запросам пользователя обучение нейросетей в диалогах опасно умножением сомнительных рекомендаций не дифференцированных/не компетентных пользователей. Компетентность врача в обучающих нейросеть диалогах невидима, не верифицирована, по сути дела виртуальна.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. На основе проведенного исследования показана возможность совершенствования нейросетей через их адаптацию к региональным парадигмам врачевания, к системам ценностей, которые базируется на архетипах отечественного здравоохранения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bioethics</kwd><kwd>case study</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>doctor’s competencies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биоэтика</kwd><kwd>кейс-стади</kwd><kwd>нейросети</kwd><kwd>компетенции врача</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramesh A.N., Kambhampati C., Monson J.R.T., Drew P.J. Artificial intelligence in medicine. The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England. 2004;86(5):334–338.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Artificial intelligence in medicine / A.N. Ramesh, C. Kambhampati, J.R.T. Monson, P.J. 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